Scientific Names of Fruits, Vegetables and Plants
Scientific names, also called binomial nomenclature, are assigned to all living beings, such as plants, animals, birds, and flowers. These names, typically derived from Latin, consist of two parts: the genus name and the specific name or epithet. The purpose of providing scientific names is important for preventing confusion about the identity of organisms and facilitating a better understanding of their characteristics. This practice ensures clarity and accuracy in communication and the study of various life forms.
For individuals preparing for government exams, especially those with a General Science section, knowledge of scientific names is essential. To aid in preparation, we have compiled lists of important scientific names for fruits and vegetables. Reviewing these lists before the exam can provide an opportunity to secure additional marks and contribute to overall success in the selection process.
Scientific Names of Plants
Scientific names of plants, also known as botanical names or binomial nomenclature, play a crucial role in the systematic classification and identification of plant species. These names follow a standardized format established by the international code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN).
| Scientific Names of Plants | |
| Apple | Malus domestica |
| Bamboo | Bamboosa aridinarifolia |
| Banana | Musa paradisiaca |
| Banyan | Ficus benghalensis |
| Black Gram | Plasoes mungo |
| Black Pepper | Piper nigrum |
| Brinjal | Solanum melongena |
| Capsicum | Capsicum frutescens |
| Carrot | Daucas carota |
| Clove | Syzygium aromaticum |
| Coriander | Coriandrum sativum |
| Cotton | Gossypium herbaceum |
| Cucumber | Cucumis sativus |
| Curry plant | Murraya koenigii |
| Drumstick | Moringa oleifera |
| Garlic | Allium sativum |
| Ginger | Zingiber officinale |
| Green Gram | Phaseolies aulicus |
| Guava | Psidium guajava |
| Henna | Lawsonia inermis |
| Horse Gram | Dolichos biffoeus |
| Jowar | Sorghum vulgare |
| Lemon | Citrus limonium |
| Lettuce | Lactuca sativa |
| Maize | Zea mays |
| Mango | Mangifera indica |
| Mint | Mentha arvensis |
| Money Plant | Epipremnum aureum |
| Neem | Azadirachta indica |
| Onion | Allium cepa |
| Orange | Citrus aurantium |
| Pineapple | Ananas comosus |
| Potato | Solanum tuberosum |
| Radish | Raphanus sativus |
| Red Gram | Cajanus cajan |
| Sandalwood | Santalum album |
| Spinach | Spinacia oleracea |
| Tobacco | Nicotina tobaccum |
| Tomato | Solanum lycopersicum |
| Tulsi | Ocimum sanctum |
| Turmeric | Curcuma longa |
| Watermelon | Citrullus vulgaris |
| Wheat | Triticum aestivum |
Scientific Names of Fruits
Scientific names of fruits, like all plant species, are given based on the principles of binomial nomenclature. These names follow a standardized format established by the international code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN).
| Names of Fruits | Scientific Names of Fruits |
| Apple | Pyrus malus |
| Apricot | Prunus armeniaca |
| Avocado | Persea Americana |
| Banana | Musa Paradisicum |
| Blackberry | Rubus fruticosus |
| Blue Berry | Vaccinium cyanococcus |
| Cantaloupe (Kharbuja) | Cucumis melo |
| Cherry | Prunus avium |
| Dragon fruit | Hylocereus undutus |
| Fig | Ficus carica |
| Gooseberry | Ribes uva-crispa |
| Grapes | Vitis vinifera |
| Guava | Psidium guava |
| Honeydew | Cucumis melo |
| Kiwi fruit | Actinidia deliciosa |
| Lime | Citrus latifolia |
| Lychee (Lichi) | Litchi chinensis |
| Mandarin Orange | Citrus reticulata |
| Mango | Mangifera indica |
| Mulberry | Genus: Morus |
| Nectarine (Peach) | Prunus persica |
| Orange | Citrus aurantium |
| Papaya | Carica papaya |
| Passionfruit | Passiflora edulis |
| Pear | Pyrus communis |
| Sacred fig (Peepal) | Ficus religiosa Linn |
| Persimmon | Diospyros kaki |
| Pineapple | Ananus sativus |
| Plum | Prunus domestica |
| Pomegranate | Punica granatum |
| Prickly pear | Opuntia stricta |
| Raspberry | Rubus idaeobatus |
| Redcurrant | Ribes rubrum |
| Watermelon | Citrullus vulgaris |
| Amla | Phyllanthus Emblica |
Scientific Names of Vegetables
Scientific names of vegetables, similar to other plant species, are assigned using the principles of binomial nomenclature. These names adhere to the standardized format established by the international code of nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN).
| Names of Vegetables | Scientific Names of Vegetables |
| Asparagus | Asparagus officinalis |
| Bitter Gourds | Momordica Charantia |
| Broccoli | Brassica oleracea italica group |
| Broccoli rabe | Brassica rapus ruvo group |
| Cabbage | Brassica oleracea var. capitata |
| Calabash | Lagenaria siceraria |
| Carrot | Daucus carota subsp. sativus |
| Cassava | Manihot esculenta |
| Cauliflower | Brassica oleracea |
| Chilli | Capsicum spp. |
| Chinese cabbage | Brassica rapus chinesesis group |
| Chives | Allium schoenoprasum |
| Cluster bean | Cyamopsis tetragonoloba |
| Coccinia | Coccinia grandis Voigt, Coccinia cordifolia, Coccinia indica |
| Colocasia / Taro | Colocasia esculenta |
| Common bean | Phaseolus vulgaris |
| Coriander | Coriandrum sativum |
| Cow pea | Vigna unguiculata |
| Cucumber | Cucumis sativus |
| Curry plant (Leaves) | Murraya koenigii |
| Drumstick | Moringa oleifera |
| Brinjal | Solanum melongena |
| Elephant foot Yam | Amorphophallus paeoniifolius |
| Garlic | Allium sativum |
| Honey dew (Melon) | Cucumis melo |
| Hyacinth bean | Lablab purpureus |
| Jack fruit | Artocarpus integra |
| Leek | Allium porrum |
| Lettuce | Lactuca sativa |
| Lima bean | Phaseolus limensis |
| Luffa | Luffa aegyptiaca |
| Mint (Pudina) | Mentha arvensis |
| Lady Finger | Abelmoschus esculentus |
| Onion | Allium cepa |
| Papaya | Carica papaya |
| Parsley | Petroselinum crispum |
| Pea | Pisum sativum |
| Peanut, Groundnut | Arachis hypogaea |
| Pointed gourd | Trichosanthes dioica |
| Potato | Solanum tubersum |
| Pumpkin | Cucurbita maxima |
| Radish | Raphanus sativus |
| Rutabaga | Brassica napus |
| Snake gourd | Trichosanthes cucumerina |
| Soybean | Glycine max |
| Spinach | Spinacia oleracea |
| Spiny gourd | Momordica dioica |
| Tomato | Solanum lycopersicum L. |
| Turnip | Brassica rapus |
| Watermelon | Citrullus lanatus |
| Wax gourd | Benincasa hispida |
| Welsh onion | Allium fistulosum |
| Wild carrot | Daucus carota |
| Wild yam | Dioscorea villosa |
Scientific Names offer valuable information about the evolutionary relationships, genetic characteristics, and ecological preferences of various vegetable species. They serve as essential tools for documenting, preserving, and conserving vegetable biodiversity, aiding in the study of plant genetics, crop improvement, and sustainable agriculture practices. By using scientific names, scientists can communicate effectively and facilitate knowledge sharing to further our understanding and utilization of vegetable resources.
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