Supreme Court of India: Being the supreme court in the land, the Supreme Court of India enjoys a distinguished position. It is essential to the Indian judicial system because it is the final court of appeal. Its importance in the polity and governance areas of the UPSC exam cannot be overstated. The Supreme Court of India recently celebrated its 73rd anniversary since its establishment. Sundaresh Menon, the Chief Justice of Singapore of Indian origin, was the chief guest at the event. The Supreme Court of India is the focus of this article’s thorough informational efforts.
Supreme Court of India Jurisdiction | |
Original | – Cases where the Supreme Court has the authority to hear and decide a dispute directly without it being appealed from lower courts. |
– Involves disputes between the Union and one or more states, between states, or between the Union and any state on one side and one or more states on the other. | |
– Also includes disputes between the Union and a state on one side and any other state or states on the other. | |
– Cases of significant public interest or disputes of federal or constitutional nature. | |
Advisory | – The Supreme Court can offer advice or opinion to the President on questions of law or fact which may arise, or on any matter which he seeks their advice on. |
The Chief Justice consults a Collegium of the four senior-most judges before making a recommendation to the President, and if two judges have an unfavorable opinion, the proposal should not be sent to the President and the appointment should not proceed.
The collegium system ensures that the Chief Justice of India and the senior judges play a crucial role in the work and transfer of judges in the Supreme Court and High Courts.
It’s important to note that the term “Collegium” is not explicitly mentioned in the Indian Constitution. However, through various judicial pronouncements, the collegium system has been established as the mechanism for judicial appointments and transfers.
The evolution of the collegium system reflects the judiciary’s efforts to maintain its independence in the appointment process and ensure transparency and objectivity. By involving the Chief Justice and senior judges, the system aims to uphold the integrity and credibility of the judiciary.
The Supreme Court of India, which recently celebrated its 73rd anniversary, plays a crucial role in the Indian judicial system. With the collegium system in place for judicial appointments, the court continues to uphold the principles of independence, fairness, and constitutional integrity in its functioning.
The Supreme Court of India serves as the final court of appeal in the country and has the authority to hear appeals against the verdicts of High Courts, other courts, and tribunals. It settles disputes between government authorities, state governments, and the central government. Additionally, the Supreme Court acts in an advisory role for matters referred to it by the President.
The Indian Constitution establishes an integrated judicial system, with the Supreme Court at the top and High Courts below it. Under the High Court, there is a hierarchy of subordinate courts. The Supreme Court enforces both central and state laws, making it a unified court system.
Currently, the Supreme Court consists of 34 judges, including one Chief Justice and 33 others. Over time, the number of judges has increased from the initial eight (one Chief Justice and seven others).
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