The Environment studies is a multi-disciplinary science comprising of various branches of studies like chemistry, physical science, life science, agriculture, health, sanitary engineering etc. Environmental Studies may be an interesting subject having 30 questions in CTET & DSSSB Exams. It is advised is to study the NCERT books from class 1 to 8 of to prepare well for REET Exam. The current article will give few introductory points on Environmental Studies related topic followed by interesting facts of the same.
THINGS WE MAKE
1. Art and Craft:
In India diverse kinds of culture, arts and craft are found. Each region of the country have some unique and traditional craft to offer.
2. Painting:
The tradition of painting has been carried on the Indian subcontinent since ancient times. Different types of paintings are given below : –
(i) Chitra Kathi Painting: This painting belongs to Maharashtra, through this painting story is depicted. In this painting only natural color is used.
(ii) Kalamkari Painting: This painting belongs to Andhra Pradesh, natural color is used and they are also done on cloth as blocks printing.
(iii) Madhubani Painting: It belongs to state of Bihar. In this painting natural things like leaf, flower, animals, birds and humans are depicted. Natural color is used in painting, color from indigo, turmeric and normal flowers are obtained. A special kind of paste of grinded rice is made to further glorify the painting.
(iv) Pata Painting: It is found in Odisha, natural color from minerals and vegetables are used. Painting is done on the cloth.
(v) Phad Painting: This painting is done on the cloth and belongs to Rajasthan.
3. Traditional Art:
Art is a part of the culture. It is a skill and knowledge which are passed down through generation to generations. Some of the famous traditional art forms are given below :
Some Traditional Art Forms:
Traditional Art | Region or State |
Jamdani | West Bengal |
Pashmina and Shahtoot | Jammu and Kashmir |
Patola | Gujarat |
Bandana design | Rajasthan and Gujarat |
Chikankari | Lucknow |
Muga Silk | Asom |
Pocham pally | Andhra Pradesh |
Perfume industry | Kannauj |
Shawl | Kullu, Himachal Pradesh |
Embroidery | Jammu and Kashmir |
The World Famous Pashmina:
Pashmina shawl is as warm as six Sweaters! It is very thin and warm. The goats from which the soft Pashmina wool is collected are found on very high altitudes of 5000 metres. In winter temperature drops to low as – 40°C. A coat of warm hair grows on the goat’s body which protects it from extreme cold.
The goat shed some of their hair, fur in summer. This hair is so fine that six of these would be as thick as one hair of ours. The fine hair cannot be woven on machines so weavers in Kashmir made these shawls by hands. This is long and difficult process. After almost 250 hours of weaving one plain pashmina shawl is made.
Special Dresses of Different Region of India:
Dress for Women | Region/State |
Mundum Neriyathum | Kerala |
Mekhela Chadhar | Assam |
Salwar Kameez | Haryana, Punjab, Western UP, Himachal Pradesh |
Phiran | Kashmir |
Ghagra Choli | Rajasthan, Gujarat |
Anarkali Salwar Suit | North India |
Dress for Men Region/State | |||
Safa | Rajasthan | Phiran | Kashmir |
Dastar | Punjab | Pheta | Maharashtra / Mysore |
4. Languages:
There are 22 constitutionally recognized languages in India. English and Hindi languages are widely spoken in our country. Several states in India have their own official languages which are spoken in particular areas. These are as follows
Different Language and Dialects of India:
Language | Area/Region | Language | Area/Region |
Hindi | Whole North India | Punjabi | Punjab |
Sindhi | Panjab, Rajasthan, Gujarat | Nepali | Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar |
Dongri | Jammu and Kashmir | Boda | Assam |
Telgu | Andhra Pradesh | Maithili | Bihar |
Odiya | Odisha | Konkani | Goa |
Kannada | Karnataka | Assamese | Assam |
Manipuri | Manipur | Kashmir | Kashmir |
Santhal | Jharkhand | Marathi | Maharashtra |
Tamil | Tamil Nadu | Malayalam | Kerala |
Kuduk | Jharkhand |
Braille Script: It is a special way of reading and writing for people who cannot see. It is written on a thick paper by making a row of raised points with a pointed tool. Braille script is based on 6 points and it is read by running the finger on the raised dots. Louis Braille of France invented new script for visually disabled and it is known as Braille script.
5. Tribes:
A tribe is a group of distinct people, dependent on their land for their livelihood, who are largely self – sufficient and not integrated into the national society. They have their own way of living and culture.
Famous Tribes of India:
Tribe | Region / State |
Changpa or Champa | Ladakh |
Gaddi tribe | Himachal Pradesh |
Bakkarwala tribe | Jammu and Kashmir |
Tharu | Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh |
Kharwar tribe
Jaunsari Bhotia tribe |
Uttar Pradesh
Uttarakhand Uttarakhand |
Gond | Chhattisgarh |
Korwa | Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand |
Sahavia | Madhya Pradesh |
Meena | Rajasthan |
Bhil | Rajasthan, Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh |
Santhal | Jharkhand |
Munda | Jharkhand |
Khond
Naga Garo, Khasi, Janita |
Odisha
Nagaland, Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh Meghalaya |
Kuki | Manipur |
Lepcha | Sikkim |
Toda | Tamil Nadu |
Jarawa tribe | Andaman and Nicobar Island |
Worli | Maharashtra |
Lushai, Cheraw | Mizoram |
Now Answer The Following Questions:
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