Potassium Iodate Formula (KIO3)- Structure, Properties, Uses

The potassium iodate formula is written as KIO3. potassium iodate is made by reacting potassium bases, such as KOH, with iodic acid. It is one of the most often used compounds for iodizing table salt. Potassium iodate is also used to precipitate thorium, particularly to separate it from rare earth elements. It is mostly employed as an oxidizing agent in practical chemistry. Potassium iodate is extremely dangerous since it can rapidly catch fire if it comes into touch with reducing agents.

Potassium Iodate Formula

Potassium Iodate (KIO3) is an ionic compound composed of potassium cation (K+) and iodate anion (IO3-). In kl solution, KIO3 is soluble. Alcohol, liquid ammonia, and nitric acid are all insoluble in KIO3. KIO3 has an atomic mass of 39.0983, iodine has an atomic mass of 126.90447, and oxygen has an atomic mass of 15.9993. Potassium iodate is an oxidizing chemical that can cause flames when comes into contact with combustible or reducing materials. Iodine is necessary for optimum health and is required for the thyroid gland to operate properly, which influences the body’s metabolic and immune activities. Radiation exposure is specified as a ‘thyroid blocking agent’ to inhibit radioactive iodine uptake.

Potassium Iodate Formula by Criss Cross Method

Criss Cross Method – All chemical formulas can be written in this crisis cross manner. The numerical value of the ion charge between the two atoms is crossed across in the criss-cross method, which forms the subscript of the other ion. Using this method, we will develop the chemical formula for potassium iodide.

Development of Potassium Formula using Criss Cross Method-

• We must recall that Potassium has an atomic number of 19 and a valency of 1. It has one electron for bonding in the outermost shell.
• Iodine has an atomic number of 53 and 1 electron in its outermost shell. Iodides are iodine compounds with an oxidation state of -1. Iodide is an anion with a valency of -1.
• because it lacks one atom to complete its octet. As a result, we only require one molecule of iodide for one atom of potassium.
• For this compound, we can use the criss-cross approach as follows:

Potassium Iodate Structure

KIO3 is the potassium iodate formula. The chemical formula KIO3, with a molar mass of 214.001 g/mol, describes the structure of potassium iodate. It is made up of K+ ions and IO3- ions, which include potassium, iodide, and oxygen. The following is the structure of potassium iodate.

Potassium Iodate (KIO3) Preparation

Iodic acid reacts with a potassium-containing base, generally potassium hydroxide, to yield potassium iodate, which is one of the simplest ways to make the compound. The following is the reaction:

HIO3 + KOH → KIO3 + H2O

In-laboratory preparation of 0.05 M Potassium Iodate

The next section discusses the preparation and standardization of 0.05 M potassium iodate employing Sodium Thiosulphate and Starch solution as indicators.

Preparation of Potassium Iodate Solution –
Weigh precisely 10.7 g of potassium iodate, dried to constant weight at 110°C, in 1000 ml of water.

Standardize the solution by doing the following –

• Standardization of Potassium Iodate Solution
• Dilute 25.0 mL of the solution with water to make 100 mL.
• Add 2 g potassium iodide and 10 ml 1M sulphuric acid to 20.0 ml of this solution.
• Titrate with 0.1 M sodium thiosulphate, using 1 ml of starch solution as an indicator near the conclusion of the titration.
• 1 ml of 0.1 M sodium thiosulphate equals 0.003566 g KIO3.

Physical Properties of Potassium Iodate

The physical properties of Potassium iodide are tabulated below.

Potassium Iodate Chemical Properties

The chemical properties of potassium iodate are detailed here.

• When strong acids like sulfuric acid are present, potassium iodate and potassium iodide mix to generate potassium sulphate, iodine, and water.
  KIO3 + 5KI + 3H2SO4 → 3K2SO4 + 3H2O + 3I2
• When potassium iodide is titrated with chlorinated water in a neutral solution, the reaction that occurs is described by the equation –

Kl + 3Cl2 + 3H2O → KCl + HIO2 + 5HCl

• Silver iodate and potassium nitrate are formed when potassium iodate interacts with silver nitrate. The chemical reaction is illustrated below.
  KIO3 + AgNO3 → AgIO3 + KNO3
• However, it is not widely known if a high oversupply of free hydrochloric acid is present throughout the titration, and chloroform or carbon tetrachloride is employed as an indicator. the reaction will be –
  Kl + Cl2 →  KCl + ICl

Potassium Iodate Formula and Uses

Potassium iodate has the following applications.

• Iodate is utilized as a source of iodine in the diet because it oxidises to iodine in an atmosphere of oxygen in damp circumstances.
• In cuisine, it is used as a maturing agent and dough conditioner.
• They are used as reagents and additives to feed livestock.
• It is employed in iodometric analytical procedures to detect the presence of zinc and arsenic.
• It is used in the medical field to prevent radiation illness.

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