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Difference Between Acid and Base
Acid and base are the basics of chemistry that we learn in lower grades. Acid and base form the pillars of chemistry. Acids are in the form of lactic or citrus acid which is mostly present in citrus fruits like lemon or orange. Bases are in powder form mostly like bleaching powder, ammonia, etc. The acid base helps in differentiating several compounds in chemistry.
State Difference Between Acid and Bases
What is Acid?
There are several different definitions of acids according to many scientists. According to Arrhenius, any substance when dissolved in water increases the concentration of hydrogen ions or H+ ions are acid.
Bronsted-Lowry defined Acid as a proton donor. This means when a compound donates the proton easily and as soon as possible, it is considered a strong acid.
Another definition is given by Lewis, that is, the compound that accepts a pair of electrons. That means any compound that is electron deficient can act as an acid.
Types of Acids
- Strong acids- the acids that can dissociate ions easily and completely in water are called strong acids.
Example- HCl, H2SO4, HNO3, etc.
- Weak acids- The acids that can partly dissociate ions in water are called weak acids.
What is Base?
Similar to acid, these three scientists have a different definition for the base too.
According to Arrhenius, any substance, when dissolved in water increases the concentration of OH– ions are base.
The Bronsted-Lowry base theory states that any substances that accept a proton are base. The faster it accepts a proton the stronger the basicity.
Lewis’s definition of base is that any substance that accepts a pair of the electron is base.
Types of bases-
- Strong Base
- Weak Base
- Neutral Base
What is the difference between acid and base?
| Basis | Acid | Base |
| Proton | Acid donates proton when dissolved in water | Base accepts proton when dissolved in water |
| Litmus paper test | Acid turns blue litmus into red litmus paper | The base turns red litmus into blue litmus paper |
| Salt formation | Acids form salt when it reacts with base in an aqueous solution | The base forms a salt when it reacts with the acid in an aqueous solution |
| Taste test | Taste Sour | Taste soapy |
Acids and bases have different properties with different chemical formulas. These are the basics of chemistry that help a lot throughout your journey in chemistry. Here we summed up the definition and differences between acid and base.
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FAQ’s on Difference Between Acid and Base
- What does base mean in chemistry?
Base is any compound that releases OH– ions when dissolved in water. Examples of the bases are bleaching powder and ammonium. It tastes soapy.
- What is the taste of acids?
Acids are sour because acids are citric. Examples of acids are HCl and HNO
- How to differentiate between acid and base?
Acids release H+ ions when dissolved in water and base releases OH– when dissolved in water.
- What is the pH value of acid and base?
pH value of Acids is more than 7 and pH value of base is less than 7.
- Which compound changes blue litmus into the red?
Acids change blue litmus into the red.
