Which of the following are related to Karl W. Deutsch's approach of communication in Comparative Politics?
A. Political system is like a machine working on the basis of information
B. In his theory, homeostasis, instead of equilibrium, is used for dynamism
C. Emphasis is given on structure and functionalism
D. Output functions are given more importance
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is D

Karl W. Deutsch, a significant figure in political science, contributed to Comparative Politics through his communication theory. His approach to political systems focused on the concept of information and communication within systems, which he likened to machines. His central ideas include:
· A. Political systems operate like machines based on information exchange.
· B. Homeostasis, rather than equilibrium, was used to describe the system’s ability to maintain stability while adapting to changing conditions. This introduces a dynamic aspect, focusing on how systems adjust and react to disturbances.
Therefore, the correct options are A and B.
· Option C, emphasizing structure and functionalism, is not central to Deutsch’s communication model.
· Option D, emphasizing output functions, is more aligned with structural-functional approaches like those of Almond and Powell.
Information Booster:
1. Karl W. Deutsch's Communication Theory: Views political systems as networks of communication, likening them to feedback systems in machines.
2. Homeostasis: This concept, borrowed from biology, indicates dynamic equilibrium, stressing the system's capacity to maintain balance through internal adjustments.
3. Role of Information: Information flow and feedback loops are essential for maintaining stability and adaptability within political systems.
4. Communication as a Mechanism: For Deutsch, political stability relies heavily on efficient communication channels within the system.
5. Criticism: Some scholars argue that this approach underestimates the role of power and conflict in political dynamics.
6. Application: His theories have been used to analyze international systems and the development of nation-states.
Additional Information:
· A (Political system is like a machine working on the basis of information): Highlights the core of Deutsch’s model, focusing on how political systems function similarly to feedback-driven machines.
· B (Homeostasis instead of equilibrium for dynamism): Indicates the focus on the system's capacity for self-regulation and adaptation to external shocks, adding a dynamic perspective.
· C (Emphasis on structure and functionalism): This is more related to structural-functional approaches by theorists like Almond, not Deutsch.
· D (Output functions are given more importance): This is a feature of structural-functionalism, where the focus is on the roles and outcomes produced by the system rather than the information feedback within it.