​Who among the following is associated with Institutional Approach ?​

Correct option is A

A) James Bryce 

Father of Institutional Approach:
Bryce's The American Commonwealth (1888) pioneered comparative institutional analysis, studying formal structures like constitutions, legislatures, and judicial systems.

Methodological Foundation:
Emphasized empirical study of legal-institutional frameworks (e.g., voting systems, federalism).
His work defined traditional institutionalism before Merriam’s behavioral turn.

Information Booster :

The Institutional Approach in political science is a traditional method of studying politics by focusing on formal structures, rules, and organizations of government. Here’s a concise breakdown:

Key Features:

Focus on Formal Institutions:
Analyzes constitutions, legislatures, courts, and bureaucracies.
Example: Comparing presidential vs. parliamentary systems.

Legalistic and Descriptive:
Examines laws, procedures, and official powers (e.g., separation of powers).

Historical Roots:
Pioneered by James Bryce (The American Commonwealth) and Woodrow Wilson (Congressional Government).
Dominated early 20th-century political science.

Additional Information : 

Merriam :
Merriam later transitioned beyond institutionalism to behaviorism (studying voter psychology, etc.).
While influential, he modernized (rather than originated) institutional analysis.

Bentley:

Rejected institutionalism for group-based analysis.