Specific strain of a species adapted to a particular set of environmental conditions is termed:

Correct option is B

An ecotype is defined as a genetically distinct population or strain within a species that is adapted to specific environmental conditions. These adaptations can result from natural selection acting on local environmental pressures such as climate, altitude, soil type, or water availability.
�� Key Characteristics of an Ecotype:
· Belongs to the same species but shows distinct physiological or morphological traits suited to a particular habitat.
· Differences are genetically based, not just temporary environmental effects.
· Examples include:
· Desert-adapted vs. high-altitude ecotypes of the same plant species.
· Mosquito ecotypes adapted to urban vs. rural breeding grounds.
· Ecotypes may eventually lead to speciation if isolation and adaptation continue over time.
Explanation for Each Option
(a) Biotype ❌
· Refers to a genetically similar group within a species that shows variation in traits like pest resistance or pathogenicity.
· It is not necessarily adapted to a specific environment.
(b) Ecotype ✅
· Correct answer.
· A specific strain of a species adapted to distinct environmental conditions.
· Shows genetic adaptation to those conditions.
(c) Allotype ❌
· Term mainly used in entomology and immunology to describe a gender variant or allelic variant—not related to environmental adaptation.
(d) Prototype ❌
· Means the original model or first form of something; not a biological or ecological classification term.