The males are winged and females wingless in:

Correct option is D

In several insect groups, sexual dimorphism is extremely pronounced—especially in the form of males being winged and females wingless or sedentary. This is seen in all the insect orders listed in the options, making option (d) All of these the correct answer.
✅ Detailed Explanation of Each Option
(a) Coccids (Scale Insects)
· Order: Hemiptera (Suborder: Sternorrhyncha)
· Males: Winged, tiny, short-lived, and often lack mouthparts; they exist solely for mating.
· Females: Wingless, sedentary, often covered by a protective scale-like covering.
· This dimorphism is crucial for their parasitic lifestyle on plants, where females stay attached to the host.
(b) Embioptera (Web-spinners)
· Order: Embioptera
· Males: Winged and capable of dispersal for mating.
· Females: Always wingless, live inside silk galleries built in bark, soil, or leaf litter.
· This sexual dimorphism suits their sheltered and sedentary lifestyle, especially for the females.
(c) Strepsiptera (Twisted-wing Parasites)
· Order: Strepsiptera
· Males: Winged and free-living but short-lived; have reduced forewings and large hind wings.
· Females: Wingless, endoparasitic (live within the body of hosts, usually insects like bees or wasps), and often remain inside the host body.
· They exhibit extreme sexual dimorphism, one of the most striking in the insect world.
(d) All of these ✅
· All three insect orders display the trait where males are winged (for dispersal and mating) and females are wingless (usually sedentary or parasitic).