Timely planting of sorghum escapes the damage of:

Correct option is C

Shoot fly ( Atherigona soccata) is one of the most important and damaging pests of sorghum, especially during its early growth stages. However, the timing of sowing plays a crucial role in minimizing shoot fly infestation. Early or timely planting helps the crop escape the peak population of the pest, thereby reducing economic loss.
�� Key Facts About Shoot Fly and Sorghum:
· Target crop: Sorghum (also affects maize and pearl millet)
· Damage stage: Seedling stage (up to 3 weeks after germination)
· Symptoms:
· Formation of “dead hearts” — central shoot dries and can be easily pulled out.
· Eggs are laid on the lower surface of leaves or the soil near the base.
· Favorable conditions for the pest:
· Delayed sowing and moist warm weather favor heavy infestations.
· Timely planting (within the recommended sowing window) ensures the crop develops past the vulnerable stage before the shoot fly population peaks.
Explanation for Each Option
(a) Shoot borer ❌
· Mainly attacks at a later growth stage; common in crops like sugarcane and sometimes sorghum, but not directly linked to sowing time escape.
(b) Armyworm ❌
· A migratory pest that can attack at various stages; timely sowing does not guarantee escape.
(c) Shoot fly ✅
· Correct answer.
· Timely sowing helps the sorghum crop escape shoot fly infestation, especially in the early seedling stage.
(d) Shoot bug ❌
· More common in rice, and not significantly managed by sowing time in sorghum.