Shyama Shastri, Tyagaraja and Muthuswami Dikshitar, the three composer-musicians of the 18th century, are considered as the trinity of _____ classical music form of India.

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) Carnatic

Explanation:

• Shyama Shastri, Tyagaraja, and Muthuswami Dikshitar are collectively known as the Trinity of Carnatic music.
• These three composers, who lived in the 18th century, are credited with revolutionizing Carnatic music and enriching it with a vast array of compositions.
• Their works form the cornerstone of the Carnatic tradition, which is one of the two main classical music systems in India (the other being Hindustani music).
• They were responsible for laying the foundation of modern-day Carnatic music with their compositions in various ragas and talas.

Information Booster:

• Shyama Shastri: Known for his devotional songs, particularly in praise of Goddess Kamakshi. His compositions include kritis in multiple ragas, with a distinctive style.
• Tyagaraja: One of the greatest composers of Carnatic music, Tyagaraja's compositions are a significant part of the Carnatic repertoire. He composed in Telugu and was dedicated to Lord Rama. His famous kritis include "Jagadananda Karaka", "Endaro Mahanubhavulu", and "Sadhinchene".
• Muthuswami Dikshitar: A master of both the musical and spiritual aspects of Carnatic music, he composed in Sanskrit and was influenced by the Bhakti movement. His kritis, such as "Vakratunda Mahakaya" and "Anandamritakarshini", are highly respected in the classical music community.

Additional Knowledge:

Thumri:

• Origin: Emerged in Eastern Uttar Pradesh (Lucknow and Benares) in the 18th century.
• Style: Romantic and erotic, often referred to as "the lyric of Indian classical music."
• Themes: Primarily revolves around love, separation, and devotion, often portraying episodes from the lives of Lord Krishna and Radha.
• Lyrics: Mostly in Brij Bhasha, focusing on romantic and religious subjects.
• Gharanas: Three main styles—Benaras, Lucknow, and Patiala.
• Notable Singer: Begum Akhtar, a renowned Thumri performer.

Tappa:

• Origin: Developed in the late 18th century from folk songs of camel riders in North-West India.
• Style: Rhythm plays a crucial role with compositions based on fast, intricate constructions and quick turns of phrases.
• Notable Expounders: Mian Sodi, Pandit Laxman Rao of Gwalior, and Shanno Khurana.