Correct option is A
The correct matching of theories with their proponents is as follows:
· (A) Heartland Theory – (II) Halford Mackinder: Mackinder proposed the Heartland Theory, which suggests that controlling Eastern Europe (the "Heartland") is key to global dominance.
· (B) Rimland Theory – (IV) Nicholas Spykman: Spykman developed the Rimland Theory, emphasizing the importance of coastal fringes (or "Rimlands") over the Heartland for global control.
· (C) Sea Power Theory – (I) A.T. Mahan: Mahan argued that naval dominance is essential for securing global power, making sea control crucial.
· (D) Air Power Theory – (III) Alexander Seversky: Seversky emphasized air power as pivotal in modern warfare, highlighting its strategic importance in the 20th century.
These theories reflect different perspectives on geographic and strategic factors critical to achieving global power.
Information Booster:
1. Heartland Theory: Control over Eastern Europe, considered the "pivot area" by Mackinder, leads to controlling the world.
2. Rimland Theory: Spykman believed that coastal regions (Rimland) encircling Eurasia are more strategically significant than the Heartland.
3. Sea Power Theory: Mahan emphasized the need for a strong navy to protect and expand national interests, particularly for trade.
4. Air Power Theory: Seversky’s theory posits that air superiority can determine the outcome of conflicts, marking a shift in military strategy.
5. Geopolitical Influence: These theories have influenced military and strategic planning, particularly during the World Wars and the Cold War.
6. Strategic Geography: Each theory reflects different geographical regions as power bases—land (Heartland), coastal areas (Rimland), sea, and air.
7. Modern Applications: While historically rooted, these theories continue to influence modern defense policies and global strategy.
English
10 Questions
20 Marks
12 Mins
