Correct option is B
A liberal democracy is a form of government characterized by fair, free, and competitive elections, the protection of individual rights and liberties, the rule of law, and the separation of powers with checks and balances. Let’s evaluate each statement:
A. Based on one-party system – Not part of liberal democracy.
Liberal democracies are multi-party systems where voters have genuine choices. A one-party system is typical of authoritarian or communist regimes.B. Based on formal legal rules – Part of liberal democracy.
The rule of law is a fundamental principle of liberal democracies, ensuring that laws are applied equally and fairly to all citizens.C. Guarantee of civil liberties and individual rights – Part of liberal democracy.
Protection of freedom of speech, religion, press, and personal freedoms is central to liberal democratic values.D. A system of checks and balances – Part of liberal democracy.
This ensures that no branch of government becomes too powerful, maintaining democratic integrity through separation of powers.E. State monopoly on the means of mass communication – Not part of liberal democracy.
Liberal democracies support freedom of the press and encourage independent media. A state-controlled media is characteristic of authoritarian regimes.
Information Booster:
Liberal Democracy:
A political ideology combining a democratic system of government with liberal political principles, such as individual liberty, pluralism, rule of law, and constitutionalism.One-Party System:
Found in authoritarian regimes like China or North Korea, where opposition parties are either banned or strictly controlled.State-controlled media:
In non-democratic systems, the state monopolizes communication to control narratives and suppress dissent.
Additional Information:
Brief About Liberalism
Liberalism is a political and moral philosophy based on the principles of individual liberty, equality, democracy, and rule of law. Emerging in the 17th and 18th centuries during the Age of Enlightenment, liberalism advocates for the protection of civil rights, economic freedom, and limited government intervention.
Types of Liberalism:
Classical Liberalism
Emphasizes limited government, free markets, and individual responsibility.
Key Thinkers:John Locke, Adam Smith, John Stuart Mill
Modern (Social) Liberalism
Advocates for state intervention to ensure social justice and equal opportunity.
Supports welfare programs, public education, and healthcare.
Key Thinkers: T.H. Green, John Rawls
Famous Liberal Thinkers:
John Locke – Advocated natural rights (life, liberty, property); seen as the "Father of Liberalism".
John Stuart Mill – Champion of liberty and utilitarianism; supported freedom of thought and expression.
Adam Smith – Promoted economic freedom through his work The Wealth of Nations.
John Rawls – Developed the theory of justice as fairness in a modern liberal context.
Liberalism in Practice:
Influenced the U.S. Constitution, French Revolution, and modern Western democracies.
Political systems like those in the UK, USA, Canada, India, and most of Europe are based on liberal democratic frameworks.
