What is writing and city life?

The relationship between urban life, commerce, and writing is shown in a lengthy Sumerian epic poem about Enmerkar, one of Uruk's first kings. Uruk was the ideal city in Mesopotamian history and was frequently referred to as The City.

What is history in class 11?

History is a crucial discipline that focuses on investigating the past. The subject calls the memorization of numerous dates, so appropriate study materials are required. It's important to study from appropriate textbooks when getting ready for the history exam.

What was the third order Class 11 history?

Peasants, both free and not free, make up the third order. Farmer and peasant members of the order often fell into one of two categories: Free Although they were landowners, peasants had to pay taxes to the royals and worked as tenants on their own fields. For at least forty days, they were required to serve in the military.

Why is Mesopotamia famous?

The region of Mesopotamia, which is now a part of Iraq, is located in the centre of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers. The civilisation is renowned for its wealth, urban lifestyle, extensive and rich literature, mathematics, and astronomy.

Writing and City Life Notes Class 11 History NCERT Chapter 2

Table of Contents

Writing and City Life Notes- Class 11 History NCERT

In this chapter 2 of Class 11 history NCERT book, we will see the the flourishment of a great civilization in Mesopotamia. We will also see the importance of temples in the history of Mesopotamia, as well as the literature and art of the civilization in Mesopotamia.

Writing and City Life Notes- Class 11 History NCERT Chapter 2

Iraq is a land with a variety of ecosystems. Green, undulating plains in the northeast gradually rise to tree-covered mountain ranges with clear streams and wild flowers, receiving adequate rainfall to support crop growth.

Agriculture here first appeared between 7000 and 6000 BCE. In a region of upland in the north known as a steppe, where sheep and goats graze on the grasses and low bushes that grow there after the winter rains, animal herding provides people with a better means of subsistence than cultivation.

Writing and City Life Notes- Class 11 History NCERT- The Significance of Urbanism

Cities and towns are more than just densely populated areas. It only makes sense for people to congregate in towns when the economy expands beyond the realm of food production. Along with the production of food, urban economies also include trade, manufacturing, and services. As a result, city dwellers lose their independence and become dependent on the goods and services of other (urban or rural) citizens. They communicate constantly with one another. A stone seal carver, for example, needs coloured stones for the seals that he does not know where to find and bronze tools that he cannot produce himself; trading is not his “specialisation.” The bronze tool manufacturer does not go out and personally obtain the copper and tin metals.

Writing and City Life Notes- Class 11 History NCERT Chapter 2 PDF

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