SSC JE Constitution Related Questions with Detailed Solutions

The correct answer is (b) British Constitution.

The law-making process in India is primarily inspired by the British parliamentary system, which follows the Westminster model. India's Parliamentary procedure, including the structure of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha, the role of the Speaker, and the bicameral system, is largely derived from the British system.

Information Booster

• The British Constitution influenced Parliamentary democracy, the concept of Rule of Law, bicameralism, and legislative procedures.

Additional Knowledge

US Constitution

• Influenced Judicial Review, Fundamental Rights, and Separation of Powers.

Irish Constitution

• Inspired the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP).

Canadian Constitution

• Influenced Federalism with a strong central government.

Correct Answer is (D) a novel feature of the constitution

Explanation:
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar referred to the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) as "a novel feature of the constitution". These principles were unique to the Indian Constitution and were designed to guide the government in creating policies aimed at achieving social and economic justice. Although the DPSP are not legally enforceable, they serve as a framework for the government to work towards creating a welfare state.

Information Booster:

• DPSP are part of Part IV of the Indian Constitution and are inspired by the Irish Constitution.
• These principles include provisions for social justice, equal opportunities, and promoting the welfare of citizens.
• Though they are non-justiciable, they are seen as essential for guiding the state's approach to governance and policy-making.
• Examples of DPSPs include providing free education, ensuring equal pay, and promoting public health.
• The DPSP complement the Fundamental Rights and aim to build a just and equitable society.
• Ambedkar’s vision was that these principles would guide future governments in their policies for economic and social reforms.

• Factoring is a financial arrangement where a business sells its receivables (unpaid invoices) to a third party (a factor) at a discount, in exchange for immediate funds.
• The amendment aimed to increase the number of Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) permitted to engage in factoring, thus boosting liquidity for MSMEs.
  

• MSMEs contribute significantly to India’s GDP and employment, but they often face a working capital shortage due to delayed payments.
• The amendment allowed more financial institutions to participate in factoring transactions, ensuring a steady cash flow for MSMEs.
• The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) was given greater regulatory control over factoring entities.
  

• The Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill, 2020 :

  • This bill removed restrictions on the stock limits of essential commodities, allowing for free market trade in items like cereals, pulses, and edible oils.
    

• The Minerals Laws (Amendment) Bill, 2020 :

  • This bill amended mining laws to boost private sector participation in coal and mineral mining.
    
    

• Borrowed from: Irish Constitution (1937)
• Purpose: Establish social and economic democracy.
• Not legally enforceable: Unlike Fundamental Rights, DPSPs cannot be enforced in a court of law.
• Key Articles:
  • Article 39(b) & (c): Aim to reduce income inequality.
  • Article 41: Right to work, education, and public assistance.
  • Article 44: Uniform Civil Code (UCC).
  • Article 48: Protection of cows and agriculture.

1. Concurrent List:

   •  from: Australian Constitution
   • Explanation: The Concurrent List contains subjects on which both the Central and State Governments can make laws (e.g., Education, Criminal Law).

2. Fundamental Rights:

   •  from: U.S. Constitution (Bill of Rights)
   • Explanation: Fundamental Rights are mentioned in Part III (Articles 12-35) of the Indian Constitution and provide civil liberties to individuals.

3. Rule of Law:

   •  from: British Constitution
   • Explanation: The Rule of Law means that everyone is equal before the law, and it forms the basis of India's legal and judicial system.

The correct answer is: (C) K C Wheare

Explanation:

• K C Wheare, a well-known constitutional expert, praised the amending feature of the Indian Constitution. He remarked that “This variety in the amending process is wise but is rarely found”.

• He was referring to the flexible and rigid provisions in the Constitution, which allow for both rigid amendments (for certain provisions) and flexible amendments (for others), making it adaptable to changing circumstances.

Information Booster:

• K C Wheare was a prominent scholar of comparative politics and constitutional law and discussed the uniqueness of India's constitutional structure, especially its provisions for amendments.

• The Indian Constitution's amending process is considered progressive as it combines elements of both rigid and flexible features.

The correct answer is (d) Mandatory national service of 5 years.

Fundamental Duties in the Indian Constitution are outlined under Article 51A, introduced by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. These duties are not enforceable by law but serve as moral obligations for citizens to uphold the values of the nation.

Information Booster

• Article 51A lists 11 Fundamental Duties for citizens, including respecting the Constitution, protecting the sovereignty of India, and promoting harmony among citizens.
• These duties encourage citizens to actively contribute to the development and well-being of the nation.
• The Constitution does not include any provision for mandatory national service.

Additional Knowledge

To develop scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform

• Encourages citizens to embrace rational thinking and engage in efforts for social reform.

To safeguard public property and to abjure violence

• Ensures that citizens act responsibly and refrain from causing damage to national assets.

To cherish and follow the noble ideas that inspired our national struggle for freedom

• Highlights the importance of respecting India's historical struggle for independence and carrying forward its legacy.

Correct Answer: (C) Promotion of co-operative societies

Explanation:

• The 97th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2011 added a new directive principle to the Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) under Article 43B.
• Article 43B directs the State to promote voluntary formation, autonomous functioning, democratic control, and professional management of cooperative societies.
• The amendment aims to strengthen the cooperative movement in India, ensuring that cooperative societies operate efficiently and benefit members.

Information Booster:

• Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs):
• Non-justiciable guidelines in Part IV of the Constitution
• Direct the State to ensure social and economic welfare of citizens
• Significance of 97th Amendment:
• Encourages autonomous functioning of cooperatives
• Promotes democratic control and professional management
• Applies to all cooperative societies in India, including agriculture, housing, and marketing cooperatives

Other Options:

• A (Uniform civil code for citizens) – Proposed under Article 44, not related to 97th Amendment.
• B (Separation of judiciary from executive) – Relates to Article 50, not amended by the 97th.
• D (Organisation of village panchayats) – Covered under 73rd Amendment, not the 97th.

Correct Answer: (C) Ministry of Information and Broadcasting

Explanation:

• The Press and Registration of Periodicals (PRP) Bill was introduced in the Rajya Sabha on 1 August 2023 by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.
• The bill aims to modernize and consolidate the framework for the registration, publication, and circulation of newspapers, magazines, and periodicals in India.
• It seeks to ensure transparency, accountability, and streamlined processes for publishers while safeguarding freedom of the press.

Information Booster:

• Press and Registration of Periodicals Act, 1867 – The bill replaces and updates this old colonial-era law.
• Objectives of PRP Bill 2023:
• Simplify registration of periodicals
• Provide digital verification mechanisms
• Ensure legal recognition and protection for journalists and publishers
• Streamline periodical publication records for government and legal purposes
• Role of Ministry of Information and Broadcasting:
• Responsible for regulating content, media, and press policies
• Administers press registration, certification, and circulation monitoring.

Correct Answer: (C) Integrity

Explanation:

• The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act (1976) amended the Preamble of the Indian Constitution.
• It added the words:
• Socialist – Emphasizing social and economic equality
• Secular – Ensuring the state treats all religions equally
• Integrity – Replacing the original “unity of the nation” with “unity and integrity of the nation” to emphasize national cohesion

Information Booster:

• Significance of the Amendment:
• Enacted during the Emergency period (1975–77)
• Strengthened Directive Principles of State Policy
• Focused on national unity and socio-economic justice
• Impact of “Integrity”:
• Promotes territorial cohesion and national solidarity
• Complements the values of democracy, justice, and fraternity already present in the Preamble.

Correct Answer: (A) Article 138

Explanation:

• Article 138 of the Indian Constitution allows Parliament to confer additional powers and jurisdiction on the Supreme Court in matters enumerated in the Union List.
• This ensures that the Supreme Court can handle new types of cases or expanded responsibilities as required by law, beyond its original constitutional jurisdiction.
• Essentially, it provides a framework for legislative expansion of Supreme Court powers.

Information Booster:

• Purpose:
• To enable Parliament to increase the judicial functions of the Supreme Court without amending the Constitution each time
• Ensures flexibility in adapting the court’s powers to new legal and administrative requirements
• Relation with Other Articles:
• Article 141 – Law declared by the Supreme Court is binding on all courts
• Article 142 – Supreme Court can pass any decree or order necessary for complete justice
• Practical Significance:
• Parliament has used this provision to confer powers on the Supreme Court regarding matters like election disputes, service matters, and administrative tribunals

Other Options:

• B (Article 140) – Deals with fees and allowances of Supreme Court judges
• C (Article 142) – Deals with enforcement of complete justice, not enlargement by Parliament
• D (Article 144) – Obligates authorities to aid courts in executing orders

Correct Answer: (D) Ashwini Vaishnaw

Explanation:

• The Digital Personal Data Protection Bill, 2023 was introduced in the Lok Sabha on 3 August 2023 by Ashwini Vaishnaw, the Union Minister for Electronics & Information Technology.
• The bill aims to regulate the processing of digital personal data, ensuring protection of individuals’ privacy while promoting data-driven innovation.
• It provides guidelines for consent, data storage, cross-border data transfer, and accountability of data fiduciaries.

Information Booster:

• Key Objectives of the Bill:
• Protect personal data from misuse
• Ensure transparency in data processing
• Enable individuals to exercise rights like access, correction, and grievance redressal
• Significance:
• Strengthens India’s data privacy framework
• Complements global standards like EU GDPR

The correct answer is (B) 10

Explanation:
• The 42nd Amendment Act of 1976 added Part IV-A to the Constitution, which consisted of only one Article (51A).
• Initially, it specified 10 Fundamental Duties.

Information Booster:
• The 11th Fundamental Duty (providing education to children between 6-14 years) was added later by the 86th Amendment Act in 2002.

Additional Knowledge:
• These duties were recommended by the Swaran Singh Committee.

The correct answer is (B) Articles 19 – 22

Explanation:
• The 'Right to Freedom' is covered under Articles 19 to 22 of the Indian Constitution.
• Article 19 guarantees six specific freedoms (Speech, Assembly, Association, Movement, Residence, Profession).

Information Booster:
• Article 21 guarantees the Protection of Life and Personal Liberty.
• Article 21A guarantees the Right to Education.

Additional Knowledge:
• Articles 14–18 deal with the Right to Equality.

The correct answer is (D) Wildlife Segregation Act, 1970

Explanation:
• The Verma Committee (1999) identified legal provisions like the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, not a 'Wildlife Segregation Act, 1970' (which does not exist).
• The committee listed acts like the Representation of People Act, PCR Act, UAPA, and others to show that Fundamental Duties are enforceable by law in some cases.

Information Booster:
• The committee was appointed to operationalize Fundamental Duties.

Additional Knowledge:
• The Wildlife Protection Act was enacted in 1972.