Correct option is C
Ans. (c) Risk of contamination is lower than batch fermentation.
Continuous culture-based fermentation is a system where nutrients are continuously added, and culture medium is removed at a constant rate, keeping the culture volume constant. While this method offers several advantages, such as maintaining the exponential phase of growth and efficient nutrient utilization, the risk of contamination in continuous culture systems is higher compared to batch fermentation. This is primarily because of the continuous inflow of nutrients and removal of culture medium, which creates opportunities for contaminants to enter the system and grow, especially if the sterilization procedures are not adequately maintained. In batch fermentation, there is a single inoculation phase, reducing the chances of contamination during the fermentation process.
Information Booster
Exponential phase extension: In continuous culture, the cells are kept in the exponential phase by providing fresh nutrients, making it possible for microorganisms to grow continuously at a constant rate, which is beneficial for certain biotechnological processes.
Efficient nutrient utilization: Since nutrients are added continuously and at optimal concentrations, microorganisms in continuous culture can utilize them more efficiently, leading to faster growth and increased production rates compared to batch processes.
Chemostat maintenance: A chemostat is a device used in continuous culture fermentation that regulates the growth rate of microorganisms by controlling the rate of nutrient addition and waste removal. It maintains a steady state of growth, ensuring that the culture remains in the exponential phase over a long period.
Additional Information
Option (a): The exponential phase of growth is extended is true for continuous culture fermentation. The chemostat keeps the culture in the exponential phase by continuously providing fresh nutrients.
Option (b): Nutrients are utilized efficiently and faster is true. In continuous culture, nutrients are constantly replenished, which helps the microorganisms to grow and utilize them more effectively.
Option (d): A chemostat allows maintenance of growth rate during fermentation is true. The chemostat controls the environment, ensuring that microorganisms grow at a constant rate.
