Antibiotic-resistant strains of various pathogenic bacteria are a serious concern for human health. The table below lists the names of important bacteria (Column X), specific strains of which can cause serious illnesses (Column Y).
Column X
A. Specific strains of Enterobacteriaceae
B. Specific strains of Rickettsia
C. Salmonella and Klebsiella pneumoniae
D. Staphylococcus aureus
Column Y
i. Re-emerged as a significant community- and hospital-acquired infection due to methicillin resistance
ii. Multi-drug resistant strains found in humans and food, suggesting a potential for broader spread
iii. A type of bacteria that is difficult to treat due to resistance to multiple antibiotics, mainly carbapenems
iv. The causative agent of murine typhus, which has shown transmission via organ transplants
Which one of the options below is the correct match between all terms of Column X and Column Y?

Correct option is C

Correct Answer:
(c) A–iii, B–iv, C–ii, D–i
Explanation:
-Enterobacteriaceae include carbapenem-resistant strains (CRE), making them extremely difficult to treat.
-Rickettsia includes the causative agent of murine typhus, with reported cases of transmission via organ transplantation.
-Salmonella and Klebsiella pneumoniae commonly show multi-drug resistance in humans and food sources.
-Staphylococcus aureus includes methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA), a major hospital- and community-acquired pathogen.
Information Booster :
· Carbapenem resistance represents one of the gravest threats in clinical microbiology.
· MRSA is a classic example of antibiotic resistance driven by selective pressure.
· MDR food-borne pathogens pose risks beyond healthcare settings.
· Transplant-associated infections highlight emerging non-traditional transmission routes.