Given below are different types of mapping populations in plants (Column X) and their characteristic features (Column Y).
Column X
A. F₂ mapping population
B. Backcross population
C. RILs
D. F₁DH
Column Y
i. 1:0 segregation ratio of dominant markers
ii. 1:1 segregation ratio for both dominant and co-dominant markers
iii. Recombination is represented only from the male source
iv. 3:1 phenotypic segregation ratio of dominant markers
Which one of the following options is the correct match between all terms of Column X and Column Y?

Correct option is A

Correct Answer:
(a) A–iv, B–i, C–ii, D–iii
Explanation:
An F₂ population shows Mendelian segregation, giving a 3:1 phenotypic ratio for dominant markers (A–iv).
A backcross population exhibits a 1:0 segregation for dominant markers since one allele is fixed from the recurrent parent (B–i).
Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) are homozygous and show a 1:1 segregation for both dominant and co-dominant markers (C–ii).
In F₁-derived doubled haploids (F₁DH), recombination occurs during meiosis of the F₁ hybrid and is captured from the male gametic source (D–iii).
Information Booster :
· Mapping populations differ in heterozygosity and recombination history.
· RILs provide high mapping resolution due to accumulated recombination.
· Backcross populations are simple but offer limited recombination events.
· Doubled haploids rapidly achieve complete homozygosity.
Additional Information (Incorrect Options):
A–ii / A–i / A–iii: F₂ populations do not show 1:1 or fixed segregation, nor male-only recombination.
B–ii / B–iii / B–iv: Backcross populations do not show equal segregation for co-dominant markers or 3:1 ratios.
C–i / C–iv: RILs do not show fixed (1:0) or 3:1 segregation patterns.
D–i / D–iv / D–ii: F₁DH lines are fixed lines and do not show Mendelian segregation ratios.