Given below are the different stages of Arabidopsis embryogenesis (Column X) and their characteristic patterns of cell division (Column Y).
Column X
A. Zygotic
B. Globular
C. Heart
D. Torpedo
Column Y
i. Formation of an 8-cell embryo, exhibiting radial symmetry and undergoing additional cell division to create the protoderm
ii. Polarized growth of cells followed by a symmetric transverse division giving rise to a small apical cell and an elongated basal cell
iii. Cell elongation and cellular differentiation processes throughout the embryonic axis with visible distinction between the adaxial and abaxial tissue of the cotyledons
iv. Focused cell division forming two cotyledons, giving bilateral symmetry to the embryo
Which one of the following options represents the correct match between Column X and Column Y?

Correct option is B

Correct Answer: (b) A(ii) B(i) C(iv) D(iii)

Explanation:
The zygotic stage is characterized by polarization and the first asymmetric division producing apical and basal cells, matching statement (ii).
The globular stage involves formation of an 8-cell embryo with radial symmetry and protoderm initiation, matching statement (i).
The heart stage is defined by the initiation of two cotyledons, resulting in bilateral symmetry, corresponding to statement (iv).
The torpedo stage shows elongation and advanced tissue differentiation along the embryonic axis, consistent with statement (iii).

Information Booster
• Zygotic division establishes the apical–basal axis of the plant embryo
• Globular embryos show radial symmetry before cotyledon initiation
• Heart stage marks the first visible bilateral symmetry in dicot embryos
• Torpedo stage reflects rapid elongation and tissue specialization
• Protoderm formation is the earliest tissue differentiation event