Which of the following are method of knowing according to Nyay philosophy?
A. Perception
B. Inference
C. Arthapatti
D. Smriti
E. Abhava
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is C

The correct answer is (c); A and B only
The Nyaya philosophy, one of the six orthodox schools of Hindu philosophy, identifies several pramanas or methods of obtaining knowledge. Among the options given:
A. Perception (Pratyaksha) and B. Inference (Anumana) are indeed recognized as pramanas (means of knowledge) in Nyaya philosophy.
C. Arthapatti (postulation), while recognized as a means of knowledge in Indian philosophy, is more prominently associated with the Mimamsa school of thought rather than Nyaya directly.
D. Smriti (memory) is important in Indian philosophical traditions but is not classified as a pramana in the Nyaya system.
E. Abhava (non-existence) is also recognized as a means of knowledge in Nyaya philosophy.
Nyaya is known for identifying four valid means of knowledge: Perception (Pratyaksha), Inference (Anumana), Comparison (Upamana), and Testimony (Shabda). Since Abhava is also acknowledged in extended discussions on Nyaya but Arthapatti and Smriti are not as central to Nyaya's methods of knowing as outlined in the most classic enumerations, and given the options provided