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    ​The following table enlists different ways of carrying out reverse genetics (Column X) and different strategies to achieve the same (Column Y).​​Whic
    Question

    The following table enlists different ways of carrying out reverse genetics (Column X) and different strategies to achieve the same (Column Y).

    Which one of the following options is a correct match between Column X and Y?

    A.

    A - i and iv; B - iii; C - ii and v

    B.

    A - ii and iv; B - iii and v; C - i

    C.

    A - i and iv; B - iii and v; C - ii

    D.

    A - ii and iv; B - i and iii; C - v

    Correct option is B

    Explanation-

    Reverse genetics starts from a known gene and investigates what phenotype arises when the gene is altered.
    The table contains:
                        1.  Column X: Different methods of reverse genetics
                        2.  Column Y: Specific tools/strategies used to perform them

    Matching Column X with Column Y
    A. Random mutagenesis  
    This involves introducing mutations without targeting a specific site.
    iv. UV mutagenesis → UV light causes random DNA damage.
    ii. Transposable elements → Insert randomly into the genome.
    So correct match - A → iv or ii

    B. Targeted mutagenesis
    This refers to deliberate modification of a specific gene.
    iii. Homologous recombination → Allows precise replacement/insertion of gene.
    v. CRISPR → Enables targeted DNA editing at specific sites.
    So correct match - B → iii or v

    C. Phenocopying
    This involves mimicking a genetic mutation using non-genetic means (e.g., temporarily reducing gene expression).
    i. RNAi (RNA interference) → Silences gene expression, simulating loss-of-function phenotype without mutating DNA.
    So correct match - C → i

    Correct option b - ​A - ii and iv; B - iii and v; C - i

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