Given below are two statements:

Statement I: Indian Logic makes a distinction between deduction and induction.
Statement II: Indian Logic studies thought as such and not the forms of thought alone.
In light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is D

Statement I is false because Indian logic (especially in the Nyaya school) does not make a clear distinction between deduction and induction as understood in Western logic. Nyaya logic focuses more on the methods of reasoning that combine elements of both induction and deduction in the process of inference (Anumana). Statement II is true, as Indian logic studies thought not only through its formal structures but also as a process of cognition and epistemology. Indian logic is concerned with how knowledge is attained, structured, and validated through perception, inference, and testimony.
Information Booster: 1. Nyaya focuses on valid reasoning (Anumana) and does not explicitly distinguish between deduction and induction.
2. Indian logic covers epistemology, including how knowledge is obtained and verified.
3. The study of thought in Indian philosophy goes beyond forms and investigates processes like perception and inference.
4. Nyaya epistemology combines aspects of induction (generalizing from observation) and deduction (applying general rules).
5. Indian logic uses categories like Pramana (means of knowledge) and Hetu (cause or reason) to explore cognition.