“Molecules are in random motion. Qutub Minar is composed of Molecules. Therefore, Qutub Minar is in constant random motion.” Identify the fallacy committed in the above statement:

Correct option is D

The fallacy in the statement arises from assuming that what is true of the parts (molecules being in random motion) must also be true of the whole (Qutub Minar being in constant random motion). This is known as the fallacy of composition.
The fallacy of composition occurs when someone assumes that the properties of parts automatically apply to the whole.
In this case, just because the molecules of Qutub Minar are in random motion does not mean that the entire structure is in random motion.
Information Booster:
Fallacy of Composition:
Assumes that what is true of parts is true for the whole.
Example: "Atoms are invisible. Therefore, objects made of atoms are invisible."
Other Types of Fallacies:
Equivocation: Misusing a word with multiple meanings.
Slippery Slope: Assuming one step will inevitably lead to extreme consequences.
Hasty Generalization: Drawing conclusions based on insufficient or unrepresentative data.
Additional Knowledge:
Equivocation (a):
Example: "The sign said 'fine for parking here,' so I parked because it was fine!"
Slippery Slope (b):
Example: "If we allow students to redo exams, soon no one will study for the first attempt."
Hasty Generalization (c):
Example: "My friend from France was rude, so all French people must be rude."