Mastery learning strategy of teaching is designed by :

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) B. S. Bloom. Benjamin S. Bloom, a renowned educational psychologist, designed the Mastery Learning strategy, which is based on the belief that all students can learn given appropriate time and instructional conditions. According to Bloom, traditional instruction fails many students because it does not account for individual learning rates. In Mastery Learning, the instructional process is divided into small units, with formative assessments and feedback loops guiding learners. Students must achieve mastery in one unit before proceeding to the next. This approach is learner-centered, promoting higher achievement, confidence, and a deeper understanding of content.

Information Booster

1. Personalized Pacing:
   Students learn at their own pace, progressing only after mastering each step, which enhances retention and understanding.
2. Formative Assessment:
   Frequent evaluations are conducted to diagnose learning gaps, followed by corrective teaching or enrichment activities.
3. Instructional Alignment:
   Teaching strategies, objectives, and assessments are closely aligned to ensure that learning goals are systematically met.
4. Student Confidence:
   The model fosters self-efficacy by reducing failure rates and promoting academic success for a broader range of learners.
5. Based on Bloom’s Taxonomy:
   Mastery learning supports Bloom’s idea that educational objectives should progress from knowledge to evaluation, enabling structured learning.

Additional Information

• (a) J. S. Bruner:
  A proponent of discovery learning and spiral curriculum, Bruner emphasized constructivism, not mastery learning as Bloom conceptualized.
• (b) Osborne:
  Osborne is linked with teaching models like the 5E instructional model in science education, not mastery learning.
• (c) B. F. Skinner:
  Known for behaviorism and programmed instruction, Skinner contributed to operant conditioning and self-paced learning, but mastery learning as a structured strategy was formalized by Bloom.