How many fundamental duties were enumerated in the 42nd Amendment of the Constitution?

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) 10.
· The idea of Fundamental Duties is inspired from the Constitution of Russia (erstwhile USSR)).
· They were added as Part IV-A of the Constitution by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
· Originally they were 10 in number, one more duty was added through the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.
Information Booster:
Fundamental Duties listed in Article 51A:
1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem,
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom,
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India,
4. To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so,
5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India transcending religious, linguistic and regional or sectional diversities and to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women,
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of the country’s composite culture,
7. To protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures,
8. To develop scientific temper, humanism and the spirit of inquiry and reform,
9. To safeguard public property and to abjure violence,
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement, and
11. To provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years  (added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002).