Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Karl Marx agreed with Hegel that history unfolded itself according to a dialectical plan. But according to Marx the ideas were the result of material conditions.
Statement II: Dialectical materialism believes in the inseparability of matter and motion.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

Correct option is A

Both Statement I and Statement II are correct.
· Statement I: Karl Marx did agree with Hegel's idea that history unfolds according to a dialectical process, but Marx fundamentally disagreed on the nature of this dialectic. While Hegel emphasized the role of ideas, Marx shifted the focus to material conditions, arguing that ideas were shaped by the economic and social conditions of the time. This shift in focus forms the core of Marx’s theory of historical materialism.
· Statement II: Dialectical materialism, a key component of Marxist philosophy, holds that matter and motion are inseparable. It views the material world as constantly changing due to internal contradictions, and motion is an inherent property of matter. This is in contrast to metaphysical views that treat the material world as static.
Information Booster:
1. Karl Marx's historical materialism argues that the material conditions (economic and social relations) of life determine human consciousness, not the other way around.
2. Hegel's dialectic was centered around the evolution of ideas (thesis-antithesis-synthesis), while Marx’s dialectic focused on material conditions (class struggle as the engine of history).
3. Dialectical materialism is the Marxist understanding of reality, where contradictions inherent in material conditions lead to change (e.g., class struggles driving social transformation).
4. According to Marx, the base (economy) influences the superstructure (culture, politics), but the superstructure can also react upon the base.
5. Inseparability of matter and motion is a core principle of dialectical materialism, emphasizing that change (motion) is an intrinsic quality of all matter.
6. Materialism in Marxism prioritizes physical and social conditions over ideas, contrasting with idealism, which sees consciousness as primary.