Arrange these studies/approaches relating to managing men at work from earliest to latest.

A. Human Relations Approach
B. Scientific Management Approach
C. Behavioural Science Approach
D. Human Resource Development Approach
E. HRD Score Card Approach

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Correct option is B

The correct chronological sequence of approaches related to managing employees at work is:

1. Scientific Management Approach (B) – Early 20th Century (1911)

   • Proposed by Frederick Winslow Taylor, this approach emphasized efficiency, standardization, and productivity in work processes.
   • Workers were seen as cogs in a machine, with a focus on time and motion studies.

2. Human Relations Approach (A) – 1930s to 1950s

   • Developed after Elton Mayo’s Hawthorne Studies, this approach emphasized employee satisfaction, motivation, and social aspects of work.
   • It introduced concepts like group dynamics and leadership influence on productivity.

3. Behavioural Science Approach (C) – 1950s to 1970s

   • This approach built on the Human Relations Approach and integrated psychology, sociology, and behavioral studies into management.
   • Douglas McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y and Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory were key contributions.

4. Human Resource Development (HRD) Approach (D) – 1980s to 1990s

   • Evolved from the Behavioral Science Approach, focusing on training, performance appraisal, and employee career growth.
   • Companies started investing in employee development as a long-term strategy.

5. HRD Score Card Approach (E) – 2000s

   • Developed by T.V. Rao, this approach focused on measuring HR effectiveness using a balanced scorecard method.
   • It helps organizations quantify HR impact on business performance.

Thus, the correct sequence is B → A → C → D → E, which corresponds to option (b).

Information Booster:

• Scientific Management Approach revolutionized work processes by introducing efficiency-focused methods.
• Human Relations and Behavioral Science Approaches introduced employee motivation, leadership, and workplace psychology into management.
• HRD Approach shifted the focus to employee development as a key business strategy.
• HRD Score Card is a modern tool that quantifies HR success and aligns it with business goals.
• Understanding these approaches helps businesses implement progressive HR policies for improved productivity and employee satisfaction.