Correct option is C
The University Grants Commission (UGC) in India has recommended several measures to ensure and enhance quality in higher education institutions. These include:
Adoption of Total Quality Management (TQM) practices (C): Encouraging institutions to systematically focus on continuous quality improvement in all functions.
Sustaining quality through innovation and creativity (D): Promoting innovative teaching, learning, and administrative methods to maintain high standards.
Establishment of suitable assessment and accreditation systems (E): Developing robust frameworks for evaluating and accrediting institutions to ensure quality benchmarks.
Dismantling unviable colleges and universities (A) and creating a parallel accreditation agency for private universities (B) are not part of the formal UGC recommendations on quality assurance.
Information Booster:
The UGC promotes quality assurance through bodies like NAAC (National Assessment and Accreditation Council).
Quality assurance focuses on institutional governance, curriculum, faculty, infrastructure, and research output.
Continuous quality improvement is emphasized rather than punitive measures like dismantling.
Additional Knowledge:
The UGC’s quality assurance framework aligns with global practices, emphasizing transparency and accountability.
Innovation in curriculum design and pedagogy helps institutions stay relevant and competitive.
Accreditation systems provide stakeholders with credible information on institutional performance.