Correct option is A
The correct answer is (a) Duties are enforceable by the law
Explanation:
- The Fundamental Duties are a set of moral obligations listed under Article 51A of the Constitution of India.
- These duties were added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976 and are directed at citizens to promote a sense of responsibility and contribute to the nation’s development.
- However, Fundamental Duties are non-enforceable by law, meaning that they cannot be legally enforced by the courts.
Information Booster:
- The idea of Fundamental Duties is inspired by the Constitution of Russia (erstwhile USSR).
- They were added as Part IV-A of the Constitution on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee.
- Originally they were 10 in number; one more duty was added through the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002.
Fundamental Duties listed in Article 51A:
Fundamental Duty | |
(a) | To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag, and the National Anthem. |
(b) | To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired our national struggle for freedom. |
(c) | To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India. |
(d) | To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so. |
(e) | To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all the people of India, transcending religious, linguistic, and regional or sectional diversities; and to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women. |
(f) | To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture. |
(g) | To protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures. |
(h) | To develop the scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform. |
(i) | To safeguard public property and abjure violence. |
(j) | To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavour and achievement. |
(k) | If a parent or guardian, to provide opportunities for education to his child or ward between the age of six and fourteen years (added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002). |