Which disease is caused by the H.I.V. virus?

Correct option is A

Ans. (a) AIDS
Sol. HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) causes AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), a condition in which the body's immune system is severely weakened, making the person vulnerable to infections and diseases.
Explanation:
· HIV attacks CD4 (T-helper) cells, which are crucial for immune defense.
· As HIV progresses, the immune system weakens, leading to opportunistic infections such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, and fungal infections.
· AIDS is the final stage of HIV infection, where the immune system is unable to fight off infections.
Modes of HIV Transmission:
· Unprotected sexual contact
· Sharing infected needles or syringes
· Transmission from an infected mother to child during childbirth or breastfeeding
· Blood transfusion with contaminated blood
Incorrect Options:
· Marasmus → Caused by severe malnutrition (lack of protein and calories).
· Anemia → Caused by iron deficiency, leading to reduced red blood cells.
· None of these → Incorrect, as HIV causes AIDS.
Thus, the correct answer is (a) AIDS.