When did the National Council for Teacher Education give a curriculum framework for the 2 year B.Ed. and 2 year M.Ed. Degree programme?

Correct option is D

The National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) introduced the curriculum framework for the 2-year B.Ed. and 2-year M.Ed. programmes in 2014, following the recommendations of the Justice Verma Commission.
Information Booster
· The 2014 Regulations: The NCTE notified the "NCTE (Recognition Norms and Procedure) Regulations, 2014" on November 28, 2014. This was a landmark shift that increased the duration of B.Ed. and M.Ed. programmes from one year to two years.
· Justice Verma Commission (JVC): The transition to a two-year format was based on the recommendations of the Justice Verma Commission (2012), which emphasized the need for longer duration to enhance professional rigor and quality in teacher education.
· Curricular Areas: The 2014 framework restructured the curriculum into three broad areas: Perspectives in Education, Curriculum and Pedagogic Studies, and Engagement with the Field (which includes a mandatory 20-week internship).
· Professionalization: The change aimed to bring Indian teacher education at par with international standards, allowing more time for developing deep pedagogical understanding and practical school-based experiences.
Additional Knowledge
Understanding the significance of the other years mentioned helps clarify the historical timeline of teacher education in India:
· 1988: This year is associated with the National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education (NCFTE) 1988, which followed the National Policy on Education (NPE) 1986. At this time, B.Ed. and M.Ed. were still one-year programmes.
· 1998: In this year, the NCTE (which became a statutory body in 1995) released the Curriculum Framework for Quality Teacher Education. While it focused on quality concerns, the duration of the basic degree remained one year.
· 2009: This refers to the National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education (NCFTE) 2009. While this framework introduced significant pedagogical shifts (focusing on "reflective practitioners"), the formal administrative change to a mandatory two-year duration across India was not fully implemented until the 2014 Regulations.