" The monument function of Management by Objectives under Policy and Planning Techniques used in Management of Public Organizations is:

Correct option is C

The monument function of Management by Objectives (MBO) under Policy and Planning Techniques refers to how the MBO framework aligns organizational goals and objectives, ensuring effective execution and evaluation of performance. In the management of public organizations, MBO plays a crucial role in planning and controlling operations. Here's how:
1. Planning:
· Planning involves setting clear objectives and determining the actions needed to achieve those objectives. In the MBO approach, the organization begins by setting specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound (SMART) goals. These goals are planned and communicated throughout the organization so that every member understands their role in achieving them. MBO emphasizes goal-setting as a central part of planning to ensure that everyone is working towards common objectives.
2. Controlling:
· Controlling involves monitoring and evaluating progress toward the objectives set during the planning stage. In MBO, performance is regularly reviewed to ensure that the objectives are being met. If there are deviations or shortfalls, corrective actions are taken. MBO ensures that control measures are in place to track progress and adjust strategies as needed to meet the set goals.
The planning and controlling functions work together under MBO to ensure that public organizations not only set clear objectives but also regularly check progress and make adjustments as necessary to achieve the desired outcomes.
Information Booster:
Management by Objectives (MBO) is a process in which specific, measurable goals are set for employees or departments, and their performance is measured based on their ability to achieve these goals. In public organizations, MBO helps align individual performance with the overall objectives of the organization.
Additional Knowledge:
· Policy Making: Refers to the process of defining rules or guidelines for decision-making but is not a key component of MBO’s monument function.
· Decision Making: Plays a part in both planning and controlling, but decision making alone is not a standalone function of MBO.