​Select the species that was thought to be extinct because of climate change and habitat loss, but was recently rediscovered in the year 2022.

Correct option is B

​The correct answer is (b) Harlequin Frog. Harlequin frogs (Atelopus species) were considered extinct in many regions due to habitat loss, climate change, and the devastating effects of chytridiomycosis (a fungal disease). However, some populations of Harlequin frogs were rediscovered in 2022, bringing hope for their conservation. These rediscoveries are a testament to the resilience of certain species and highlight the importance of preserving their habitats.

Information Booster:

1. Harlequin Frogs: A group of brightly colored frogs from Central and South America. Many species in this genus are critically endangered or thought to be extinct.
2. Rediscovery: In 2022, researchers identified surviving populations in remote areas, emphasizing the need for conservation efforts.
3. Threats: The main threats include climate change, habitat destruction, and chytridiomycosis caused by the Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis fungus.
4. Conservation Significance: The rediscovery of presumed extinct species underlines the importance of habitat protection and disease mitigation.
5. Global Efforts: Conservationists are focusing on captive breeding and reintroduction programs to safeguard these species.

Additional Knowledge:

(a) Nicobar Wart Frog:
This is incorrect. The Nicobar Wart Frog (Fejervarya nicobariensis) is native to the Nicobar Islands and has not been reported extinct or rediscovered recently.

(b) Harlequin Frog:
This is the correct answer. Harlequin frogs, particularly species from the Atelopus genus, have been rediscovered in the wild after being presumed extinct. Their rediscovery highlights ongoing efforts to protect amphibian biodiversity.

(c) Nilgiri Cricket Frog:
This is incorrect. The Nilgiri Cricket Frog (Minervarya nilagirica) is found in the Western Ghats of India and is not considered extinct or rediscovered recently.

(d) Lemur Leaf Frog:
This is incorrect. The Lemur Leaf Frog (Agalychnis lemur) is critically endangered but has not been recently rediscovered. Conservation efforts for this species are ongoing in Central America.