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Geography 1

Unseen Passage

Read the passage and answer question that follow. "Increased rainfall over extended periods will mainly lead to river flooding, while short, intens

Reading Comprehension

Read the passage and answer question that follow.
"Increased rainfall over extended periods will mainly lead to river flooding, while short, intense cloudbursts can cause pluvial floods. Due to changing climate, many parts of the world are already facing more frequent severe and longer lasting droughts. Droughts often have knock – on effects, for example on agriculture, forestry, water resources and biodiversity. They reduce water levels in rivers and ground water, stunt tree and crop growth. Further human, animal and plant health are also threatened by climate change. While climate change may not introduce new health hazards, it will worsen and amplify existing one."

1) Question

In 2013, a mid-day cloudburst in Uttarakhand, popularly known as the 'Himalayan Tsunami', caused devastating floods and landslides. The epicenter of this disaster was _________

Badrinath

Kedarnath

Rudraprayag

Joshimath

Solution

Correct option is B

The 2013 Uttarakhand floods, also referred to as the "Himalayan Tsunami," were triggered by an intense cloudburst on June 16-17, 2013. The epicenter of the disaster was Kedarnath, where the Mandakini River overflowed, causing massive devastation. Flash floods, landslides, and glacial lake outbursts led to the destruction of villages, infrastructure, and thousands of deaths.

2) Question

What is the impact of climate change on Indian agriculture?

Reduced crop yields and food production

Increase in wheat production due to a rise in temperature

Certain crops are more viable in traditional regions

Pests and diseases cannot thrive due to an increase in temperature that helps in growing production

Solution

Correct option is A

Climate change has significantly impacted Indian agriculture, primarily leading to reduced crop yields and food production. Rising temperatures, erratic rainfall, and extreme weather events like droughts and floods have resulted in lower agricultural productivity. Heat stress affects crops like wheat, rice, and pulses, leading to lower yields and food security concerns.

3) Question

The recent increase in the frequency of the El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles can be attributed to:

Deforestation

Ozone depletion

Snow melting

Global warming

Solution

Correct option is D

The increased frequency of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycles is primarily linked to global warming. Rising global temperatures have disrupted oceanic and atmospheric patterns, intensifying El Niño events, which lead to altered rainfall patterns, droughts, and extreme weather events worldwide.

4) Question

Which one among the following is the most significant health impact of climate change?

Decrease in summer heat-related mortality and morbidity

Increase in winter cold-related mortality and morbidity

No health risks in relation to change in air quality and ozone

Changes in the impact of diseases, e.g., from vector, rodent, water, or food-borne diseases

Solution

Correct option is D

The most significant health impact of climate change is the increased risk of diseases, including those spread by vectors (mosquitoes, rodents), contaminated water, and food-borne pathogens. Rising temperatures, erratic rainfall, and extreme weather events alter disease transmission patterns, making infections like malaria, dengue, and cholera more widespread.

5) Question

Which is the apex body for the management of disasters in India?

National Institute of Disaster Management

National Disaster Response Force

National Disaster Management Authority

National Disaster Alert Portal

Solution

Correct option is C

The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is the apex body for disaster management in India. It was established under the Disaster Management Act, 2005, and is headed by the Prime Minister of India. NDMA is responsible for formulating policies, plans, and guidelines for disaster risk reduction and response strategies.