Correct option is A
Cognitive method: This is not a standard method for analyzing power systems, and is likely a fabricated term in the context of this question.
Load end capacitance: While not explicitly stated, "load end capacitance" is a concept related to the nominal Pi and T methods, where a portion of the line capacitance is considered concentrated at the load end. So, this option is not the correct answer.
Nominal T method: This is a widely used method for analyzing medium transmission lines, where the line resistance and reactance are divided into two equal parts, and the total capacitance is lumped at the middle.
Nominal Pi method: Similar to the Nominal T method, the Nominal Pi method also uses a lumped capacitance model, but with the capacitances divided equally between the sending and receiving ends.
