Correct option is C
To determine the correct matches between Column X (E. coli genes involved in replication) and Column Y (functional eukaryotic orthologues), let's analyze each pair based on their roles in DNA replication:
A. DnaB: In E. coli, DnaB is a helicase that unwinds DNA during replication. Its eukaryotic orthologue is the MCM complex (Mini-Chromosome Maintenance complex), which also acts as a helicase. So, A matches with iv.
B. DnaC: In E. coli, DnaC helps load DnaB onto the DNA. In eukaryotes, this role is performed by cdc6, which assists in loading the MCM complex. So, B matches with ii.
C. β clamp: In E. coli, the β clamp (part of DNA polymerase III) is a sliding clamp that tethers the polymerase to the DNA for processivity. Its eukaryotic orthologue is PCNA (Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen), which serves the same function. So, C matches with iii.
D. DnaG: In E. coli, DnaG is a primase that synthesizes RNA primers for DNA replication. In eukaryotes, this role is performed by Pola/primase (DNA polymerase α/primase complex), which synthesizes RNA primers. So, D matches with i.
