Correct option is D
Explanation of the correct answer:
Smallpox is a viral infection that has been eradicated worldwide through a successful vaccination program. The smallpox vaccine is a live, attenuated vaccine, which means it contains a weakened form of the virus that can still provoke an immune response without causing the disease. This live vaccine was instrumental in the global effort to eradicate smallpox.
Information Booster:
Live Vaccines: These vaccines use a weakened form of the virus or bacterium to trigger an immune response. The immune system learns to recognize and fight the pathogen without causing the disease itself. Other examples of diseases protected by live vaccines include measles, mumps, rubella (MMR vaccine), and yellow fever.
Smallpox Eradication: The smallpox vaccine played a major role in the worldwide eradication of the disease in 1980, as declared by the World Health Organization (WHO). This is a major achievement in global public health.
Additional Information about Incorrect Options:
Option 1 (Hepatitis A): Hepatitis A is usually prevented with an inactivated (killed) vaccine, not a live vaccine. The vaccine contains inactivated (non-infectious) virus particles that stimulate an immune response.
Option 2 (Hepatitis B): Hepatitis B vaccine is a subunit vaccine that contains pieces of the virus (the surface antigen) but not the whole virus. It is not a live vaccine.
Option 3 (Rabies): The rabies vaccine is typically a inactivated (killed) vaccine, given in a series of shots after exposure to the virus. It is not a live vaccine.
