​Live vaccines are generally used to protect against which one of the following viruses?​

​Virus-infected cells are cleared by cytolysis by natural killer (NK) cells and CD8⁺ Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Which of the following graphs correctly represents the changes in the cell numbers of the two cell types during the course of a viral infection, considering that the virus is cleared by the 14th day?​

Bone marrow cells were sorted using 4 cell-surface markers, CD45R (B220), CD43 (leukosialin), membrane-associated Immunoglobulin M (mIgM), and membrane-associated Immunoglobulin D (mIgD). The sorted cells were then analyzed for immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements for the heavy chain. With this information, the sorted cells were categorized into different stages of B-cell development. The observations and the inferences drawn are given below.​

​Which of the following combinations is correct?​​

Which of the above inferences are correct?

​Consider the four results that were obtained from immunophenotyping of human breast​

Which one of the following options correctly depicts the above results?

​Which of the following is/are associated with the presentation of endogenous antigens by Class I MHC molecule by an Antigen Presenting Cell (APC), given the condition that there is no cross-presentation of antigens by the APC?​

​The population that is at highest risk against influenza infection should be immunized annually. Which one of the following is the most important reason for this?​

​Consider the defects in human macrophage cell lines (Column A) and their possible consequence on T cell activation (Column B):​

​Select the option that represents all the correct matches.​

​An anti-idiotypic antibody with fluorescent tag was used for detection of immune cells in tissue sections from a healthy individual specifically by cell surface labeling. Which of the following will have the highest chances of getting detected?​

​Mouse IgM (whole molecule) was injected into rabbit to generate antiserum. Which one of the following mouse antibody components (the same mouse from which IgM molecules were used for immunization) has the possibility to be recognized using the rabbit antiserum in Western blotting?​

​Interferons α, β and γ are cytokines produced and secreted by animal cells after infection by viruses. Which one of the following statements about interferons is INCORRECT?​

The immune system of thymectomized and lethally irradiated (A × B) F₁ mice (H-2ᵃ/ᵇ) were reconstituted by grafting thymus from Strain B mice (H-2ᵇ) and with (A × B) F₁ bone marrow cells. These mice were then infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV). The CD8⁺ cytotoxic T lymphocytes from the reconstituted mice were then co-cultured with the following target cells in vitro:

A. Uninfected fibroblast cells from (A × B) F₁ mouse
B. Uninfected fibroblast cells from strain-A mouse
C. Uninfected fibroblast cells from strain-B mouse
D. LCMV infected fibroblast cells from (A × B) F₁ mouse
E. LCMV infected fibroblast cells from strain-A mouse
F. LCMV infected fibroblast cells from strain-B mouse

Which of the options below indicate the cells that will be lysed by the CD8⁺ cytotoxic T lymphocytes from the reconstituted mice?