Correct option is B
The Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens are contained within Article 51A of the Constitution of India. Therefore, the correct option is (b) Article 51A.
The Fundamental Duties of Indian citizens are a set of moral and civic responsibilities enshrined in Article 51A of the Constitution of India. These duties were added to the Constitution by the 42nd Amendment Act, 1976. The Fundamental Duties are not legally enforceable and do not provide for any penalties for their violation. However, they serve as guiding principles to promote a sense of commitment and responsibility among citizens towards the nation.
The eleven Fundamental Duties outlined in Article 51A are as follows:
1. To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions.
2. To cherish and follow the noble ideals that inspired the national struggle for freedom.
3. To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
4. To defend the country and render national service when required.
5. To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all people of India, transcending religious, linguistic, and regional diversities.
6. To value and preserve the rich heritage of India's composite culture.
7. To protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, and wildlife.
8. To develop a scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
9. To safeguard public property and abjure violence.
10. To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity.
11. To provide opportunities for education to children between the ages of six and fourteen years.
Article 44 of the Constitution of India pertains to the Uniform Civil Code. It states that the State shall endeavor to secure for the citizens a uniform civil code throughout the territory of India. The Uniform Civil Code aims to provide a common set of laws governing personal matters such as marriage, divorce, inheritance, and adoption, regardless of religious affiliation