Correct option is B
In educational research, ethical guidelines ensure the protection of participants and the integrity of the academic process. The correct answer is A, B, D Only (Informed consent, Confidentiality of participant data, and Avoidance of plagiarism).
Information Booster
- Informed Consent (A): This is a fundamental requirement where participants are fully made aware of the nature, purpose, and risks of the research before agreeing to participate voluntarily.
- Confidentiality of Participant Data (B): Researchers must ensure that any information gathered from individuals is kept private and that participants cannot be identified in any public reports or datasets without their explicit permission.
- Avoidance of Plagiarism (D): This is a cornerstone of academic integrity. It involves giving proper credit to the original authors of ideas, data, or words, ensuring the research is honest and original.
- Protection from Harm: Ethical research prioritizes the physical and psychological well-being of the subjects involved.
Additional Knowledge
To understand why the other statements are incorrect, we must look at what constitutes research misconduct:
- Manipulation of data to support hypothesis (C): This is a form of scientific fraud known as "falsification" or "cooking the data." Ethical research requires reporting results as they actually occur, even if they contradict the researcher's expectations.
- Providing misleading information to participants (E): Also known as deception, this is generally avoided in ethical research. While minor deception is occasionally used in specific psychological studies, it is strictly regulated and requires a thorough "debriefing" afterward; providing misleading info as a general practice is considered unethical.
- Fabrication: This involves making up data or results entirely, which, like options C and E, violates the core ethics of educational inquiry.
English
10 Questions
20 Marks
12 Mins
