Classical conditioning theory propounded by Ivan Pavlov explains learning by_____________.

Correct option is B

Classical conditioning, developed by Ivan Pavlov, is based on learning through association. It demonstrates how a neutral stimulus can be conditioned to elicit a response when paired with an unconditioned stimulus.
Information Booster:
· Example: Pavlov's dog experiment (bell sound paired with food).
· Neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus over time.
· Commonly used in behavioral therapy.
· Basis for understanding reflexive and emotional learning.
Additional Knowledge:
· Reinforcement: Central to operant conditioning, not classical.
· Imitation: Related to social learning theories.
· Insight: Sudden understanding, as seen in cognitive learning theories.