Choose the option in which VOICE in the given sentence has been correctly changed.

I gave you a pen last year.

Correct option is C

Correct Answer: (C) You were given a pen by me last year.

Explanation

The given sentence is in Active Voice:

In Passive Voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence. The verb changes to “be + past participle”, and the doer (subject) may be introduced with “by.”

Here, the indirect object “you” is made the subject of the passive sentence.

Correct Passive Form:

You were given a pen by me last year.

·       “gave” → were given (past simple passive)

·       “you” becomes the subject

·       “by me” shows the doer of the action

Grammatical Rule Used: Active to Passive Voice Conversion (Past Simple):

Structure:

Active: Subject + Verb (V2) + Object

Passive: Object + was/were + past participle (V3) + by + Subject

Example: Active: She wrote a letter.

Passive: A letter was written by her.

Explanation of other options

(A) Last year you had been given a pen by me: Incorrect because the tense changes to past perfect passive (had been given), while the original sentence is in simple past tense.

(B) Last year a pen was given to you: Grammatically correct passive structure, but it omits the agent “by me” and changes the sentence emphasis. In strict transformation questions, the full equivalent form including the agent is preferred.

(D) A pen was given to you last year: This is also grammatically correct passive form using the direct object “a pen” as subject, but it again omits “by me.”