Assertion (A) : A major criticism of Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development is his belief that all children progress through the sequence of four stages in the same manner.
Reason (R) : Socio-cultural factors play an important role cognitive development
Choose the correct option

Correct option is A

The correct answer is (a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). A significant criticism of Piaget's theory is the suggestion that all children progress through the stages uniformly without accounting for individual and cultural differences. Socio-cultural factors indeed play a crucial role in cognitive development, impacting the pace and manner in which children progress through the stages.

Information Booster:

1. Piaget focused on the biological maturation of cognitive abilities, while Vygotsky highlighted the role of culture and interaction.
2. Socio-cultural factors such as language, social practices, and traditions influence how children think and learn.
3. Critiques of Piaget’s theory point to the overemphasis on stages and the underestimation of variability in development.
4. Vygotsky introduced the concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD), emphasizing the importance of guided learning.
5. Recent research supports the view that cognitive development is context-dependent, shaped by environmental and social dynamics.
6. A combination of biological and socio-cultural factors provides a more holistic understanding of cognitive growth.