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Q1. The concept of ‘Zone of Proximal Development’ was given by
(a) Piaget
(b) Vygotsky
(c) Kohlberg
(d) Erikson
Q2. A one year old child is likely to learn something in the ‘Zone of Proximal Development’ if
(a) parents or others of not interfere
(b) the task is more difficult than the child can do alone
(c) the child has mastered the skills necessary
(d) the child needs little or no help from anybody
Q3. Scaffolding in the context of learning theories refers to
(a) temporary support in learning by adults
(b) ascertaining the cause of mistakes done by students
(c) simulation teaching
(d) recapitulation of previous learning
Q4. According to Socio-Cultural theory of Vygotsky
(a) culture and language play a crucial role in development
(b) the child thinks in different domains and does not take a complete perspective
(c) children think in abstract terms if presented abstract material at a lower age
(d) self-directed speech is the lowest stage of the scaffold
Q5. According to Vygotsky, zone of proximal development is
(a) zone demarcating the support offered by the teacher
(b) what the child can do on her own which cannot be assessed
(c) the gap between what the child can do independently and with assistance
(d) the amount and nature of support provided to the child to achieve her potential
Q6. Which one of the following statements best summarises the relationship between development and learning as proposed by Vygotsky ?
(a) Development is independent of learning
(b) Learning and development are parallel processes
(c) Development process lags behind the learning process
(d) Development is synonymous with learning
Q7. A major difference between the perspectives of Vygotsky and Piaget pertains to
(a) their critique of behavioristic principles
(b) their conception of children as active constructors of knowledge
(c) the role of providing a nurturing environment to children
(d) their views about language and thought.
Q8. According to Vygotsky, why do children speak to themselves ?
(a) Children use their speech to attract the attention of adult to them
(b) Children are very talkative by nature
(c) Children are egocentric
(d) Children use speech to guide their actions
Q9. Which one of the following is a good example of ‘scaffolding’ (learning of a problem-solving task till the student is able to do it by herself)?
(a) Providing a half-solved example
(b) Telling her she cannot go home till she solves the problem
(c) Offering a reward for solving the problem quickly
(d) Telling her the she can do it by trying again and again
Q10. The concept of ‘private speech’ of children as proposed by Vygotsky
(a) shows that children love themselves
(b) illustrates that children use speech to guide their own action
(c) shows that children are stupid and thus need guidance of adults
(d) illustrates that children are egocentric
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