Which statement is/are correct regarding evaluation?
A. According to the National Education Policy 2020, the evaluation of children will be creative and multidimensional (360 degree) in a holistic manner.
B. Formative assessment is competency-based, it promotes learning among students.
C. Criterion-referenced assessment refers to how a student scores in comparison to other students.
D. Norm-referenced assessment refers to how a student’s score compares to a pre-determined standard.
Choose the correct option:

Correct option is D

Correct Answer: (D) A only
Explanation:
Statement 1 (According to the National Education Policy 2020...) – Correct:
→ The National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 introduces a shift from rote learning to a 360-degree holistic, multidimensional progress card that evaluates cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains.
→ This approach includes self-assessment, peer-assessment, and teacher-assessment to track a child's complete developmental path.
Statement 2 (Formative assessment is competency-based...) – Incorrect:
→ Formative assessment is designed to provide ongoing feedback to improve teaching-learning processes, whereas standardized competency-based frameworks are typically aligned with diagnostic and reformed summative systems.
→ Its main goal is to monitor student learning and help teachers adjust their instructional methods in real time.
Statement 3 (Criterion-referenced assessment refers to how a student...) – Incorrect:
→ This statement describes norm-referenced assessment, which compares a student's performance against a peer group (e.g., percentiles).
→ Criterion-referenced assessment actually measures performance against a fixed, pre-defined set of criteria or learning standards.
Statement 4 (Norm-referenced assessment refers to how a student’s score...) – Incorrect:
→ This statement defines criterion-referenced assessment, completely swapping the definitions of Statements C and D.
→ Because of this swap, only Statement A remains theoretically and conceptually correct.
Information Booster:
→ The NEP 2020 proposes a new 5+3+3+4 pedagogical structure to replace the traditional 10+2 system.
→ A 360-degree card actively integrates self-evaluation, peer reviews, and practical project portfolios.
PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development) is a standard-setting body established under NEP 2020.
→ Formative evaluation is conducted during the instructional process, while Summative evaluation is conducted at the end of a course or term.
→ Diagnostic evaluation helps teachers identify specific learning gaps and difficulties that a student faces continuously.