Correct option is C
Correct Answer: Option 3
Explanation: The phylogenetic species concept (PSC) defines species based on diagnosable differences and shared evolutionary history, making it applicable to both sexual and asexual organisms and independent of reproductive isolation (Statement 1: correct). It often uses molecular and genetic data that are statistically testable (Statement 2: correct). PSC is well known to suffer from taxonomic inflation, as even small genetic differences may be used to define separate species (Statement 4: correct). However, phylogenies can vary depending on the type of data used (morphological vs molecular, choice of genes, methods), so PSC is not always robust across different data sources. Hence, Statement 3 is incorrect.
