Following statements were made regarding the theory of symbiogenesis in the origin of eukaryotic cells.
A. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have typically their own circular DNA, similar to bacterial DNA.
B. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by a single membrane like other organelles.
C. Division of mitochondria and chloroplasts occurs synchronously with the division of nuclear genome.
D. Ribosomes in mitochondria and chloroplasts are similar to those found in prokaryotes.
E. Genetic analysis shows that mitochondrial DNA is closely related to certain proteobacteria.
Which one of the following options has all the correct statements?

Correct option is C

Correct Answer
(c) A, D and E only
Explanation
Mitochondria and chloroplasts possess their own circular DNA resembling bacterial genomes, supporting statement A. Their ribosomes are 70S type, similar to prokaryotes, validating statement D. Molecular and genetic evidence links mitochondrial DNA to proteobacteria, confirming statement E. Statements B and C are incorrect because these organelles are double-membrane bound and divide independently of the nucleus.
Information Booster
• Endosymbiotic theory explains the bacterial origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts
• Mitochondria are evolutionarily linked to α-proteobacteria
• Chloroplasts originated from cyanobacteria
• Semi-autonomous nature of these organelles supports symbiogenesis
Additional Knowledge
Statement B is incorrect because mitochondria and chloroplasts are enclosed by double membranes, reflecting engulfment by a host cell. Statement C is incorrect since their division occurs independently through binary fission and is not synchronized with nuclear division.