Which one among the following is responsible for determining the chemical properties of an element?

Correct option is B

The correct answer is (b) Electrons. Electrons are responsible for determining the chemical properties of an element. The chemical behavior of an atom is primarily governed by its electron configuration, particularly the electrons in the outermost shell, known as valence electrons. These electrons participate in chemical bonds and reactions, defining how an element interacts with other atoms. While protons determine the element's identity (atomic number), and neutrons contribute to atomic mass and isotopic properties, it is the arrangement and number of electrons that determine chemical reactivity and bonding characteristics.
Information Booster: ● Valence electrons in the outer shell are the most important in determining how an atom will bond with others. ● Elements with similar valence electron configurations (e.g., elements in the same group of the periodic table) often exhibit similar chemical properties. ● Ions are formed when atoms gain or lose electrons, directly impacting the element's chemical behavior. ● The number of protons defines the element, but they do not influence how it reacts chemically. ● Neutrons have no charge and do not participate in chemical reactions; they influence isotopic characteristics. ● The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, but electrons orbiting outside the nucleus are what engage in chemical reactions.