Correct option is C
The Green Revolution in India (initiated in the 1960s) had several limitations despite its significant impact on agricultural productivity. Two major limitations were:
- A. Confined to limited crops:
The Green Revolution primarily focused on a few crops, especially wheat and rice, due to the availability of high-yielding varieties (HYVs) and better irrigation facilities. Other crops like pulses, oilseeds, and coarse grains did not benefit as much, leading to limited diversification in agricultural production. - B. Uneven spread:
The benefits of the Green Revolution were concentrated in regions with better irrigation and infrastructure, such as Punjab, Haryana, and Western Uttar Pradesh. States with poor irrigation facilities and inadequate infrastructure, like those in eastern and southern India, were left behind, leading to regional disparities.
Additional Information:
- The heavy reliance on fertilizers, pesticides, and irrigation also caused environmental issues like soil degradation, waterlogging, and salinity.
- Small and marginal farmers were often excluded from the benefits due to their inability to afford HYV seeds, fertilizers, and modern equipment.
Other Options:
- Only B: Incorrect, as limited crop focus was also a major limitation.
- Neither A nor B: Incorrect, as both factors were significant challenges.
- Only A: Incorrect, as the Green Revolution's uneven spread was equally important in understanding its limitations.
