Chemical fertilisers were used intensively during the Green Revolution. What was the result of their overuse?

Correct option is D

The correct answer is (d) Soil salinity.

• During the Green Revolution, the excessive and prolonged use of chemical fertilizers, especially nitrogen-based ones, led to soil degradation.

• One major consequence was the increase in soil salinity, particularly in regions with poor drainage. This affected soil health, reduced productivity, and caused long-term ecological imbalance.

Information Booster:

• Green Revolution period: Started in the 1960s, focusing on high-yielding crop varieties, irrigation, and agrochemicals.

• Commonly used fertilizers: Urea (nitrogen), DAP (phosphorus), and potash-based fertilizers.

• Salinity and alkalinity: Overuse disrupts soil pH and mineral balance, leading to accumulation of salts.

• Affected regions: Punjab, Haryana, and parts of Uttar Pradesh experienced noticeable soil salinity.

• Over time, soil fertility declined, increasing the need for more fertilizers to maintain yields.

Additional Information (Why Other Options Are Incorrect):

• (A) Higher pest resistance: This is typically linked to pesticide overuse, not fertilizers.

• (B) Crop diversification: Green Revolution led to monoculture, especially of wheat and rice, reducing diversification.

• (C) Flooding: Fertilizer use is unrelated to flooding; flooding is caused by excessive rainfall or irrigation mismanagement.