Which of the following statements are true about challenges of expansion with respect to established democracies?

Correct option is D

•  The expansion of democracy is not only about enlarging the electorate or extending voting rights but also about addressing challenges of inclusivity and decentralization. Established democracies face several challenges related to expanding the scope and application of democratic principles.
•  Ensuring greater power to local governments and extending the federal principle is an ongoing challenge. In many democratic countries, the distribution of power between central and local governments needs to be adjusted to ensure that local governments have the autonomy to meet the needs of their populations.
•  Inclusion of women, minority groups, and other marginalized sections is a critical part of the expansion challenge. Democracy aims to be inclusive, and ensuring representation for these groups remains a constant struggle.
  

• The expansion of democracy often requires a re-evaluation of power-sharing mechanisms within a state.
• Ensuring that local governments are empowered helps in addressing the specific needs of regional populations.
• Decentralization of power is a key component in the effective functioning of a federation, where local governments are provided a meaningful say in national decision-making.
• The inclusion of marginalized groups, such as women, ethnic minorities, and other disadvantaged communities, plays a central role in making a democracy truly representative.
• Challenges in the political, economic, and social inclusion of these groups can lead to inequalities, undermining the principles of democracy.
• Countries like India and the US have legal frameworks and policies in place to address these challenges, but implementation and active participation remain an ongoing concern.
• The expansion of democratic rights and inclusivity is a progressive process and requires constant vigilance and reform.